Rockford a study of the 1988 game

One object, ten pictures

The 1988 release ships five worlds, but its cave file has caves for ten, and all ten are the same game. Each cell is a number that indexes a sprite table, and the table points into whichever sheet is loaded. Swap the sheet and a boulder becomes an orange, a spiked ball, a planet or an eyeball, or in the hidden worlds a shell, a black ball, a record, an eight-ball or a ragged red lump. It still falls, rolls and kills what it lands on.

So the notes below describe the object, not the picture. That is what this project had to work out, and most cite the routine in the original that decides it. The 1988 worlds' artwork is this project's own, redrawn for the enhanced build, VIP; the key below covers the hidden worlds.

Top strip: Hunter, Cook, Cowboy, Space and Body, the five worlds on the 1988 menu.

Bottom strip: Scuba, Player, Music, Luck and Miner, the five hidden worlds. Their pictures are generated from Aleksi Sahala's reconstructions and derived from them, not this project's own. His repository has no licence; on 7 October 2026 he agreed to the use of his tilesets with credit and a link, and they come down if he asks.

Rockford

1988 worlds, then hidden worldsValueObjectWhat it does
Rockford in the five 1988 worlds Rockford in the five hidden worlds 10 Rockford The player. Twenty sprites: four facings, two idle poses, and frames for pushing and firing. Standing still he shows one idle pose three steps in four and the other one step in four, picked by the game's own random generator; the draw is made every step, moving or not, so the engine owns the choice. A sideways push that does not move him shows the reaching pose, not the walk. 0x12335.

The ground

1988 worlds, then hidden worldsValueObjectWhat it does
Dirt in the five 1988 worlds Dirt in the five hidden worlds 01 Dirt Walked through and left as space. The only thing Rockford can dig.
Steel in the five 1988 worlds Steel in the five hidden worlds 02 Steel Indestructible. Survives both kinds of explosion, and every cave is walled in it.
Wall in the five 1988 worlds Wall in the five hidden worlds 03 Wall Stops movement, and an explosion takes it.
Pass-through wall in the five 1988 worlds Pass-through wall in the five hidden worlds 04 Pass-through wall Authored 0C. Rockford walks through it and nothing else can.

What you are there for

1988 worlds, then hidden worldsValueObjectWhat it does
Treasure in the five 1988 worlds Treasure in the five hidden worlds 40 Treasure The quota. Collecting it counts down ds:0x164A.
Falling treasure in the five 1988 worlds Falling treasure in the five hidden worlds 42 Falling treasure The same, mid-fall. Like a boulder it kills Rockford or a creature it lands on, but its blast leaves treasure where a boulder's leaves space (0x14271 against 0x1401E).
Treasure bonus in the five 1988 worlds Treasure bonus in the five hidden worlds 6C Treasure bonus Authored 78. Four frames, each showing the numeral it pays: 0x11709 pays al - 0x6C, so the 0 frame pays nothing and the 3 frame pays three. The sprite states its own value, so the redraw has to get the digit right.
Time bonus in the five 1988 worlds Time bonus in the five hidden worlds 70 Time bonus Authored 7C. Twenty seconds flat on any of its four frames, at 0x100D2. Unlike the treasure bonus, what it pays does not depend on the frame.
Closed exit in the five 1988 worlds Closed exit in the five hidden worlds 07 Closed exit Opens on the first scan where the quota is exactly zero, and never closes again. 0x14316.
Open exit in the five 1988 worlds Open exit in the five hidden worlds 30 Open exit Four frames, one every other tick. Every frame is walkable and finishes the cave. 0x14301.

Things that fall

1988 worlds, then hidden worldsValueObjectWhat it does
Boulder in the five 1988 worlds Boulder in the five hidden worlds 44 Boulder Falls when the cell below is space and rolls off another boulder. Pushable sideways, but only on a draw under 0x9E (158 in 256), at 0x1023D.
Falling boulder in the five 1988 worlds Falling boulder in the five hidden worlds 46 Falling boulder Mid-fall. This is the state that kills what it lands on.

Things that hunt

1988 worlds, then hidden worldsValueObjectWhat it does
Enemy, clockwise in the five 1988 worlds Enemy, clockwise in the five hidden worlds 8C Enemy, clockwise Prefers to turn clockwise. Explodes into TREASURE, so it is worth killing. 0x11B54.
Enemy, anticlockwise in the five 1988 worlds Enemy, anticlockwise in the five hidden worlds 90 Enemy, anticlockwise Turns the other way and explodes into space, so it is worth nothing. 0x11B91.
Amoeba in the five 1988 worlds Amoeba in the five hidden worlds 48 Amoeba Grows into space and dirt on a per-neighbour draw. Sealed in, the whole colony turns to treasure; left too long it turns to boulders. 0x13E50.

The worms

1988 worlds, then hidden worldsValueObjectWhat it does
Evil worm, dormant in the five 1988 worlds Evil worm, dormant in the five hidden worlds 78 Evil worm, dormant Authored 70. Twenty seconds of four-frame animation, then it hatches. Touching or shooting it writes those twenty seconds outright, so it is the fast way to a worm, and no way to stop one. 0x13ED8.
Evil worm in the five 1988 worlds Evil worm in the five hidden worlds A0 Evil worm Crawls a body of up to eight segments, turning treasure back into boulders, and boulders into the anticlockwise enemy one time in eight. Boxed in, it turns round and retraces itself. 0x1194B.
Good worm, dormant in the five 1988 worlds Good worm, dormant in the five hidden worlds 7C Good worm, dormant Authored 84. The same countdown. 0x14613.
Good worm in the five 1988 worlds Good worm in the five hidden worlds B0 Good worm The same crawl and the opposite transform: the anticlockwise enemy back to a boulder, and a boulder on to treasure. 0x11A68.

Walls that do something

1988 worlds, then hidden worldsValueObjectWhat it does
Expanding wall in the five 1988 worlds Expanding wall in the five hidden worlds 15 Expanding wall Authored 08. Grows sideways into space, right before left, after a one-tick pause on each side. 0x14632.
Timed wall in the five 1988 worlds Timed wall in the five hidden worlds 74 Timed wall Authored 04. For sixty seconds after the first thing falls into it, anything falling into it converts instead of landing. The window reopens if a cave runs past nine minutes, because the comparison is signed. 0x1467F.

The taps and what they emit

1988 worlds, then hidden worldsValueObjectWhat it does
Acid tap in the five 1988 worlds Acid tap in the five hidden worlds 08 Acid tap Authored C4. Armed by being touched or shot, then drips acid downward. 0x14445.
Fire tap in the five 1988 worlds Fire tap in the five hidden worlds 0C Fire tap Authored 38. The same, upward. 0x140AE.
Acid in the five 1988 worlds Acid in the five hidden worlds 20 Acid Falls. Meeting fire, both explode.
Fire in the five 1988 worlds Fire in the five hidden worlds 2C Fire Rises. Treasure dropped onto it becomes the treasure-yielding enemy.

Explosions

1988 worlds, then hidden worldsValueObjectWhat it does
Blast to treasure in the five 1988 worlds Blast to treasure in the five hidden worlds 11 Blast to treasure The three-by-three a clockwise enemy leaves. Four frames, then treasure. Spares steel and the two producers only.
Blast to space in the five 1988 worlds Blast to space in the five hidden worlds 1B Blast to space The other kind. Spares steel and the producers, and the exit as well.